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Objective:To observe the effect of Fangji Huangqitang （FJHQT） on collagen induced arthritis （CIA） and synovial angiogenesis in DBA/1 mice. Method:DBA/1 mice were randomly divided into normal group， CIA group and FJHQT group. DBA/1 mice in CIA group and FJHQT group were immunized with bovine type Ⅱ collagen and complete Freund's adjuvant on the first day， and DBA/1 mice were immunized with bovine type Ⅱ collagen and incomplete Freund's adjuvant on the 21<sup>st</sup> day to establish CIA model. On the day of the second immunization， the drug was given by gavage once a day for 28 days. On the 22<sup>nd</sup> day， the arthritis score and other symptoms of CIA mice were observed. On the 49<sup>th</sup> day， Hematoxylin eosin （HE） staining was carried out to observe the angiogenesis in the synovium of CIA mice， the expression of vascular endothelial cell marker platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 （CD31） and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） in the synovium of CIA mice were detected. Immunofluorescence double staining was used to detect the mature and immature vessels in the synovium of CIA mice. And the microvascular growth of the rat thoracic aortic ring was induced by VEGF （20 μg·L<sup>-1</sup>）. The effects of FJHQT （0.25， 0.5， 1 g·L<sup>-1</sup>） at different concentrations were observed under microscope. Result:Compared with the normal group， the inflammation， joints， red and swelling of the inflammatory joints of the CIA group were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The scores of clinical arthritis， the incidence rate， synovial inflammation and angiogenesis were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The density of blood vessels， the positive expression of CD31 and VEGF， the number of immature vessels in synovial membrane were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. And compared with the CIA group， the inflammation， joint swelling， and malformation of the FJHQT group were significantly improved， the clinical arthritis score， incidence rate， synovial inflammation and angiogenesis were significantly reduced （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The vascular density， the positive expression of CD31 and VEGF， and the number of immature blood vessels in synovial membrane were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with blank group， VEGF could significantly induce the growth of microvasculature in rat thoracic aortic ring （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with VEGF group， FJHQT（0.25， 0.5， 1 g·L<sup>-1</sup>） could significantly inhibit the formation of microvasculature in rat thoracic aortic ring （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:FJHQT can effectively alleviate the clinical symptoms and condition of CIA mice， reduce the clinical arthritis score and incidence rate，and inhibit the synovial angiogenesis of CIA mice joints and VEGF induced microvascular formation in rat thoracic aortic rings.
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Objective: To optimize the mixing technology of Daphnes Giraldii Cortex gel plaster (DGCGP) by using rheological parameters elastic modulus (G'), viscous modulus (G″), yield stress (τ0), creep compliance [J(t)] and loss coefficient (tanδ) as evaluation indexes. Methods: Using orthogonal design, L9(34) orthogonal design was used to screen out the best mixing technology of DGCGP and predict the suitable coating conditions by taking the temperature, rotating speed and mixing time of the mixed materials as influencing factors and the rheological parameters of the medicated compound as evaluating indexes. Results: The optimum DGCGP mixing process was as following: 70℃ at 10 r/min for 2 h. Under this condition, the viscoelasticity, temperature and shear resistance, deformation resistance and stability of the mixture were all good. Conclusion: DGCGP prepared by this optimized process had good appearance, soft texture, good adhesion with skin, good viscoelasticity and better quality.
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@#AIM: To investigate the retinal thickness, choroidal thickness and optic disc nerve fiber layers thickness in high myopia amblyopia eyes and high myopia eyes with the similar diopter by using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography(EDI-OCT).<p>METHODS:Nineteen Chinese children, 26 eyes were recruited. Those patients were divided into high myopia amblyopia group(11 eyes)and high myopia group(15 eyes). The thickness in the retina and choroid in different regions, as well as the thickness of optic disc nerve fiber layer were measured by EDI-OCT.<p>RESULTS: The retinal thickness at the 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm to the fovea, in most directions, retinal thicknesses were statistically different between the two groups(<i>P</i><0.05). At the 3.0mm inferior to the fovea, the choroidal thickness in high myopia amblyopia was significantly thinner than high myopia(<i>P</i>=0.012). In the optic disc nerve fiber layer, there was no statistical difference between high myopia amblyopia and high myopia(<i>P</i>>0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: In the same diopter range, the retinal thickness around the fovea in the high myopia amblyopia was significantly thinner than high myopia, and the occurrence and development of amblyopia may be involved in its change process.
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Objective:To analyze the dynamic variety of serum Nesfatin-1in the patients with status epilepticus (SE) , and to explore the clinical values of the serum Nesfatin-1in evaluation on the illness condition and short-term prognosis in the patients with epileptic seizure.Methods:A total of 43patients diagnosed as primary epilepsy were collected as the subjects and received the regular clinical therapy.The serum levels of Nesfatin-1of the patients were detected before treatment and at the end of the 1st week after treatment, the end of the 2nd week therapy after treatment and the end of the 1st month after treatment, respectively.Liverpool Seizure Severity Scale 2.0 (LSSS2.0) was used to evaluate in the patients.The correlations of the serum levels of Nesfatin-1of the patients at each time point with the scores of LSSS were analyzed.After one year of follow-up, all patients were divided into two groups according to the prognosis, which were survival group (31cases) and death group (12cases) .The risk factors of one-year prognosis were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis.The sensitivity and specificity of the serum values of Nesfatin-1to the one-year prognosis were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:Compared with before treatment, the LSSS scores and the serum Nesfatin-1levels of the patients in two groups were decreased with the increasing of treatment time (P＜0.05) .The LSSS scores and the serum levels of Nesfatin-1of the patients were not different between two groups before treatment (P＞0.05) .The LSSS scores and the serum levels of Nesfatin-1of the SE patients in survival group were lower than these in death group from the end of the 1st week after treatment to the end of the 1st month after treatment (P＜0.05or P＜0.01) .The positive correlations of the serum levels of Nesfatin-1and the LSSS scores of the patients at each time point were confirmed (r=0.617-0.726, P＜0.05) .The serum high level of Nesfatin-1was the risk factor of the one-year prognosis analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis.The ROC curve identified the cutoff level of serum Nesfatin-1 (2.7μg·L-1) to the one-year prognosis with the sensitivity of88.5％and specificity of 79.6％.Conclusion:The dynamic variety of serum Nesfatin-1can reflect the condition of illness, and the serum level of Nesfatin-1is decreased gradually with the prolongation of time, and has application value in predicting the prognosis of the patients with epileptic seizure.
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·AIM: To investigate the efficacy of intravitreal injection of Conbercept in the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME). ·METHODS: Totally 95 patients(95 eyes) with diabetic macular edema treated in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed, and 42 cases received Ranibizumab intravitreal injection were included into control group, 53 cases treated with conbercept intravitreal injection were included into observation group. The changes of preoperative and postoperative follow up visual acuity and macular foveal thickness in the two groups were observed. The repeated medication, complications and medical expenses were also compared. ·RESULTS:The preoperative best corrected visual acuity between groups showed no difference (P>0. 01). The postoperative best corrected visual acuity between groups showed distinct difference (F = 105. 326, P<0. 01; F =86.365,P<0.01). At 3mo after the operation,visual acuity of two groups sharply improved, a significant difference was shown within the groups (P<0. 05), but held no obvious difference between groups (P>0. 05). At 6mo after operation,the observation group's visual acuity was evidently higher than that at 3mo (P<0.05). The visual acuity at postoperatively 6mo of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group,the difference between groups was statistically marked (P<0.01). The control group's visual acuity at postoperative 3 and 6mo showed no marked difference (P>0.05). The overall changes of foveal thickness between two groups showed a significant difference (F=86.365, P<0.01; F=84.235,P<0.01). The foveal thickness reduced obviously during the postoperative 1, 3 and 6mo of followed up, which showed remarkable difference within groups (P<0.05) but no difference between groups (P>0.05). The repeated medication of observation group during the postoperative 1,3 and 6mo of followed up was evidently less than that of the control group,the difference between groups was significant (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference between groups in complications after operation (P>0. 05). The average medical cost of the observation group was obviously less than that of the control group,and the difference between the two groups was evident (P<0.01). ·CONCLUSION:Intravitreal injection of conbercept in the treatment of diabetic macular edema can effectively enhance vision and relieve macular edema, as well as shows lasting efficacy,low cost and high safety.
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Objective:To explore the relationship between resilience and self-efficacy or social support in elderly hemiplegic patients after stroke. Methods:A total of 106 elderly hemiplegic patients after stroke were investigated by a self-designed demographic questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), self-efficacy scale for chronic (SSC) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) . Results:The total score of CD-RISC was (56.52 ± 10.61), the SSC was (4.82 ± 1.63), and the SSRS was (34.69±6.11) . Pearson correlation analysis showed that resilience was positively related to self-efficacy and social support (r=0.441, 0.429, P<0.01) . Conclusion:Resilience of elderly hemiplegic patients after stroke is low, nurses can improve it by enhancing the patients’self-efficacy and social support.
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AIM: To research the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer ( RNFL ) thickness change in high myopia amblyopic children and to discuss the relationships among RNFL thickness, axial length and age. METHODS:Thirty-five Chinese children (59 eyes) with a mean age of ( 9. 59 ±2. 90 ) years were recruited. All eyes were ruled out the pathological changes of fundus diseases and front section. By atropine optometry after they were divided into: high myopia amblyopia group (22 eyes), high myopia group (15 eyes), normal group (22 eyes) . RNFL scans were obtained for all eyes using optical coherence tomography and axial length was also surveyed by A - ultrasound. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate RNFL thickness at each location with axial length and age. RESULTS:The peripapillary RNFL thickness in temporal of high myopia amblyopia group was thinner than that in high myopia group, and thicker than that in normal group. The peripapillary RNFL thickness in nasal, superior, inferior and the average thickness of high myopia amblyopia group were thinner than those in high myopia and normal gruops. The peripapillary RNFL thickness in inferior and average thickness of high myopia amblyopia group were significantly thinner than those of high myopia (P CONCLUSION:There are significant abnormalities of retinal structure in high myopia amblyopia.
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·AlM:To investigate the retinal thickness change of high myopia amblyopic children, so as to discuss the relationships between the retinal thickness of central fovea of macula and the factors of axis oculi and age. · METHODS:Thirty-nine children ( 65 eyes ) with the average age of ( 9.91 3.41 ) years were recruited.All eyes were ruled out the pathological changes of fundus diseases and front section. After a tropine optometry, they were divided into three groups: high myopia amblyopic group ( 24 eyes ) , high myopia group ( 19 eyes) and normal group ( 22 eyes ) .Retinal scans were obtained for all eyes using Heidelberg optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) . Subfoveal macular thickness, retinal thickness at 0.5mm, 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm superior ( S, 12∶00 position), temporal (T, 9∶00 position), inferior (l, 6∶00 position) and nasal (N, 3∶00 position) from the fovea were measured and axial length was also surveyed by A -ultrasound. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate retinal thickness at each location and to correlate subfoveal macular thickness with axial length and age. ·RESULTS:The average subfoveal macular thinkness of the high myopia amblyopic group was thinner than high myopia group but thicker than normal group.There was no statistical difference between three groups (P>0.05). Retinal thickness inferior to the fovea at 0.5mm temporal and superior to the fovea in the high myopia amblyopic group at 1.0mm temporal were both thinner than normal group which had statistically significant ( P · CONCLUSlON:There are significant abnormalities of macula retinal structure in high myopia amblyopic children.
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To compare posterior choroidal thickness in high myopia amblyopia eyes at different points to high myopia and normal eyes of Chinese children and investigate the relationships between choroidal thickness, axial length and age.METHODS: Fifty Chinese children (65 eyes) with age 4~15 years ( mean 9. 91 ± 3. 41 years) were recruited. By atropine optometry they were divided into high myopia amblyopia group ( 24 eyes ) , high myopia group ( 19 eyes ) , and normal group ( 22 eyes ) . Choroidal scans were obtained for all eyes using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography ( EDl-OCT) . Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), macular thinkness, choroidal thickness and retinal thickness at 0. 5, 1. 0, 1. 5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0mm superior (S, 12:00 position), temporal ( T, 9:00 position) , inferior ( l, 6:00 position) , nasal ( N, 3:00 position) were measured. Meanwhile, axial lengths of all eyes were measured by A-Scan. RESULTS: Compared high myopia group and emmetropia group, SFCT and the thickness of choroids on each position were thinnest in high myopic amblyopia group, with statistically significant differences (P<0. 05). There was a significant negative correlation between SFCT and axial length in high myopic amblyopia group (r=-0. 531, R2 =0. 282, F=7. 476, P=0. 013), with no relative in age (r=-0. 292, R2=0. 085, F=2. 044, P=0. 167).CONCLUSlON: The choroidal thickness thinning in high myopic amblyopia shows a negative correlation with axial length.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Adenosine receptors (ADORs) have been reported to play a role in experimental myopia. This study aimed to determine the distribution of ADORs in human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells cultured in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human RPE cells (cell line D407) were cultured in vitro. ADOR mRNA in RPE was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. ADOR protein expression in RPE was confirmed by Western blotting analysis of cell lysates. Confocal fluorescence microscopy was used to study the subcellular distribution of ADORs.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All four subtypes of ADORs mRNA and protein were expressed in human RPE. This was confirmed by Western blotting analysis. The ADOR subtypes were differently distributed within the cells. ADORA1 was expressed in nucleus, perinucleus and cytoplasm of RPE. ADORA2A was concentrated mainly in one side of the perinucleus and cytoplasm of RPE. ADORA2B was strongly expressed in the nucleus, perinucleus and the cytoplasm, and ADORA3 was expressed weakly in the cytoplasm of RPE.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ADORs are expressed in human RPE. The different distribution at the subcellular level suggests different functions of ADOR subtypes.</p>
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Humans , Blotting, Western , Cell Line , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Receptors, Purinergic P1 , Genetics , Metabolism , Retinal Pigment Epithelium , Metabolism , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the stepwise development and germ cell gene expression in allografted neonatal mouse testes and the differentiation of immature human testicular cells in xenografted human testes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunodeficient nude mice were used as hosts for allografting of neonatal mouse testes and xenografting of human fetal testicular tissues. Stepwise development and stage-specific gene expression of germ cells in allografts were systematically evaluated and parallel compared with those in intact mice by periodically monitoring the graft status with measurement of graft weight, histological analysis and determination of five stage-specific genes. Human testicular tissues from 20 and 26 weeks fetuses were used for the xenografting study. Histological analysis of xenografts was performed 116 and 135 d after the grafting procedure.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the allografting study, progressive increase in tissue volume and weight as well as in tubule diameter in grafts was observed; the appearance time of various germ cells in seminiferous tubules, including spermatogonia, spermatocytes, round and elongate spermatids and sperm, was comparable with that in intact donors; the initiation of gene transcription in grafts showed a similar trend as in normal mice. Graft weight ceased to increase after 7-8 weeks and degradation of grafts was observed after 5 weeks with progressive damage to seminiferous epithelium. In the xenografting study using immature human testicular tissues, graft survival and development was indicated by increasing graft weight, Sertoli cells differentiation into advanced stage, germ cells migration and location to the basal lamina and formation of a niche-like structure.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The developmental course and gene expression pattern of germ cells in allografts were similar to those in intact mice. The best time point for retrieval of mouse sperm from grafts was 5-7 weeks after grafting procedure. An accelerated development of immature human testicular cells could be achieved by ectopic xenografting of human testes.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Mice , Animals, Newborn , Base Sequence , DNA Primers , Gene Expression Profiling , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Testis , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the factor structure of the PTSD through analyzing the factor structure of the PTSD Checklist in adolescents from earthquake disaster region. Methods: Chinese PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version was used to assess 560 adolescents, and technique of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was employed to comparing seven competitive models. Results: The intercorrelated four-factor model was the best fit one. Conclusion: The Chinese PTSD Checklist-Civilian has an intercorrelated four-factor model; intercorrelated four-factor model of the PTSD may fit the Chinese people, however, which needs further confirmation.